Type for type-writers.



Patented Nov. 26, I90l.

P. WAKED, A. D. MACDONALD, H. ST EINEMANN & A. G. MABARDI. TYPE FOR TYPE WRITERS (Application flled Oct. 19, 1900.)

(No Mo'del.)

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L ZMWA -r z u ASMINGTON u c NITED STATES FFICE.

PATENT PHILLIPE WAKED, OF CAIRO, ARCHIBALD DELETO MACDONALD, OF HELOUAN, AND HENRI STEINEMANN AND AZIZ GEORGE MABARDI,

OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT.

TYPE FOR TYPE-WRITERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,415, dated November 26, 1901.

Application filed October 19,1900, Serial No. 33,543. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that We, PHILLIPE WAKED, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Cairo, AROI-IIBALD DELETO MACDON- ALD, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Helouan, near Cairo, HENRI STEINEMANN, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Alexandria, and AZIZ GEORGE MABARDI, a subject of the Khedive of Egypt, residing at Alexandria, Egypt, (whose post-office addresses are respectively Faggala, Cairo, Helouan, near Cairo, Komeldick, Alexandria, and Mohamed Ali Square, Alexandria, Egypt,) have invented new and useful Improvements in Types for Type- Writers, (for which we have made applica: tion for patent in Great Britain, No. 23,941, dated December 1, 1899,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in and connected with type-writing machines, the object being to provide means whereby any of the machines nowin use for European languages can be readily converted into a machine for writing Arabic or any other language in which the formation of letters is similar to Arabic-such as Turkish, Persian, and the like-and which improvements are also applicable in the construction of new type-writing machines. We attain this object by the combination of signs and characters as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and which are designed to be attached to the type-lever, and the corresponding signs and characters are shown on the caps or applied to the finger-keys in the usual way.

In our improved type-writing machine we arrange the carriage to travel from left to right instead of in the reverse direction, as hitherto, and substitute Arabic or the like type and finger-keys for those now used in type-writing machines.

In order to retain the present number of finger-keys, or thereabout, we have formed a combination of signs and characters, (in the present instance eighty-four,) as shown by the diagram on annexed drawing. The said combination is composed of dots, such as represented by figures 36, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 79; of accents,such as represented by Figs. 33, 53, 54, 84, 15, and of parentheses, such as represented by the figure 14; of speciallyformed letters without dots, such as represented by figures 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62,64, and 81, and of the ordinary letters of the Arabic or the like alphabet, such as represented by figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 56, 78, 80, 82, S3, 66, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, and 72. The dots shown by figures 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 79 vary in number per type from one to three and are formed in two sets, the dots of each set being so displaced from the middle of the type or line of writing that the dots of one set, figures 77, 74, and 75, can be added above and the dots of the other set, figures 73, 76, and 79, below any of the said specially-formed letters. The said dots, accents, and speciallyformed letters have meaning only when used in combination with each other--that is to say, when the said dots or accents have been added to the said special letters. The use of thesaid dots, accents, parentheses, and part letters forms the main feature of our invention, as it considerably reduces the number of keys otherwise necessary for the Arabic or the like language.

It maybe remarked that we do not confine ourselves to the exact arrangement of the signs and characters shown in the annexed diagram or to the number of the said signs or characters, as they may be varied according to circumstances and the nature of language used. 'When using, for example, dots such as figures 73, 73, 75, 76, and 77-or aceentssueh as figures 33, 15, and 54-the normal carriage-feed is suspended by the keys having cut away a portion where they come in contact with the universal bar, (the rod extending across all the keys underneath the machine in the rear.) The key with a portion of it out out when depressed marks the dot or accent, (as the case may be,) but the carriage itself remains stationary.

What we claim as'onr invention, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

As new articles of manufacture, types for type-writers in languages in which Arabic characters are used, the said types comprising letters with and without dots, accents and dots only, of which latter there are two sets each having one, two and three dots, the said letters without dots, accents, and dots, having meaning only when used in combination and the dots of one of the said sets being adapted to be added above and those of the other set below any of the said letters without dots, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of witnesses.

PHILLIPE WAKED. ARCHIBALD DELETO MACDONALD. HENRI STEINEMANN. AZIZ GEORGE MABARDI. Witnesses as to the signature of Phillipe Waked:

O. S. VITALE, S. KHURL Witnesses as to the signature of Archibald 

